Bloomberg Rankings identified the 10 U.S. cities with more than 300,000 residents that had the greatest population gains and losses from 2010 to July 1, 2011. We ranked the cities (in ascending order) on their percentage change in population.

The average population growth for U.S. cities with more than 300,000 residents was 1.5 percent during this period. The 10 fastest-growing cities expanded by an average 3.1 percent—which, in the case of Austin, Tex., meant an additional 30,221 residents. The 10 cities on the rise also had an average unemployment rate of 8.0 percent, just shy of the national rate of 8.1 percent, and a foreclosure rate of 0.16 percent, slightly higher than the 0.15 percent national average. The 10 cities at the bottom of the list averaged only 0.1 percent growth, and four of them declined in population from 2010 to 2011. They had an average unemployment rate of 8.4 percent and a foreclosure rate of 0.19 percent, both well above the national rates.