Basel Stadium, 2001

Home to Swiss soccer team, Basel FC, St Jakob Park was designed by local firm Herzog & de Meuron. The stadium gets its puffy shape from air panels made of ETFE film that surround its exterior. To create these panels (sometimes called pillows or cushions) dehumidified air is pumped between layers of film, which are heat-sealed shut. Here, the name of the city has been pieced in permanently using red ETFE film, but the rest of the translucent façade can be illuminated like a movie screen with projections of other images, even rival team logos.

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