Paul Volcker

Marko Georgiev/Bloomberg News

Paul Volcker

Former chairman, Federal Reserve
AGE: 81

Volcker broke two personal taboos this year. He signed on as an adviser to Democratic presidential candidate Senator Barack Obama. And he earned applause from fiscal conservatives when he broke his long silence on Fed policy, questioning whether Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke was too quick to assist in the fire sale of Bear Stearns. Volcker continues to wield influence 21 years after stepping down.